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OverviewKanteiDated WorksDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Osafune
  3. Ōei-Bizen
  4. Moromitsu

Osafune Moromitsu

師光

Jūyō
Vol. 19, No. 227 · Tachi

Osafune Moromitsu

師光

17 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraOei (1394–1428)PeriodMuromachiSchoolOsafuneTraditionBizen-denGeneration2ndToko Taikan500(top 26%)TypeSwordsmithCodeMOR1082
3Jūyō Bunkazai
2Gyobutsu
12Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Moromitsu is a smith of the late period whose dated run from the Eiwa and eras through Meitoku and into the Ōei era. The published sources record him in the as 'the son of Rinkō and the father of Morimitsu' (銘鑑に倫光子、盛光の父とあり), the elder name standing one generation before the Ōei- master, and they place him among the late- smiths grouped together as the , the small-curvature makers: he is read as 'one of the representative smiths of the later group commonly described as the small- makers' (南北朝後期の、いわゆる小反りと総称される刀工群の代表的な一人である). Two generations worked under the name, and the Ōei-dated blades are read as the second, though the commentary grants that strict separation of the hands awaits further study. He is a documentary smith above all, an , signed and dated witness to a quiet corner of at the threshold of the age.

His characteristic hand is a small-patterned whose valleys open toward the . Over the body of the temper he sets , , pointed and angular elements and a little , the whole running small and subdued, what the published sources call , with and entering, the temper -dominant and laid with , and fine sweeping through. The runs in and turns back with a pointed tendency or a small . It is a manner of restraint rather than display, and the judges name that restraint directly: his work, they write, 'is more subdued in comparison with makers such as Morimitsu and Yasumitsu' (作風は盛光、康光等に比すと地味であり), the idea tempered on a smaller, plainer scale than the Ōei masters who came after him.

The is the constant beneath that quiet edge. He forges an , frequently flowing and mixed with and standing grain, the steel taking and at its best a clear running straight along the blade, while on his fuller late pieces a stands and a darkened, -like iron enters the . The reflection is the old tell, here read in the smaller key of the late period. Over it the keeps to its small irregular line, the inclined to tightness, the activity carried in and and in rather than in towering clusters of clove-flower, so that and together present the irregular, finely worked surface the sources hold typical of the group.

His record divides into more than one register. Most of his signed blades are of the type, but a smaller body of work abandons the for a -toned temper carrying and a -like manner, the finishing in with a . This quieter register is seen on his small , which often add devotional carving of and a sankozuke-, and on a rare , of which the published sources observe that 'examples of are few in any period' (剣の作例はいつの時代も少ないものであり) and call it 'a notably rare piece as a by Moromitsu' (本作も師光の剣として頗る珍品である). On his finest late the manner instead widens: the valleys open further and and appear, features the judges read as 'already showing signs that foreshadow the style of Ōei-' (既に応永備前の作風を予兆させるものがある).

What sets Moromitsu apart is exactly this threshold position. He works in a smaller, plainer pattern than the masters of the height, and his temper is held more subdued than that of his son Morimitsu and of Yasumitsu in the next age; yet his own -open , his straight and the opening of his late look forward to the Ōei flowering of the school. The published commentary draws the point as connoisseurship: because his , dated blades carry a signature 'sharing points in common with works of the Ōei era, this piece constitutes valuable source material for research into smiths of this period' (応永備前のものと共通するところなど、この期の備前鍛冶研究上の好資料である). He is, in short, the documented hinge between the mainstream and Ōei-.

For the collector Moromitsu survives chiefly as signed, dated , with three of his works designated Important Cultural Property and a body of others passed at the rank; he has no National Treasures. His provenance is real and notable: a of his is held in the Imperial collection, one dated passed by shogunal bestowal in Hōreki 9 to the Iwaki house, lords of Kameda Castle, and one of his superior late the sources call 'a fine work among his oeuvre' (同作中の優品で) and record as 'a sword transmitted in the Kuroda family' (黒田家伝来の一口である). His blades are held today in the Imperial collection and in long-held private and lines rather than offered openly, and only a modest number fall in the and tiers, so a signed Moromitsu of the type comes to light only from time to time. A privately held example is a quiet but rewarding thing for a collector to encounter, an exactly dated document of how late turned toward Ōei-.

Kantei

one Kozori hand read in three registers: the small-patterned koshi-open gunome-midare that is his typical work, subdued and nioi-based over an itame with utsuri; the suguha-toned temper with kataochi-gunome on his rare ken and small tanto, often with devotional carving; and the late tachi whose opening midare and tobiyaki already foreshadow Oei-Bizen

Moromitsu is a smith of the late period, one of the representative hands of the group that worked at the periphery of late- , and the published sources hand him down as the son of Rinko and the father of the Oei- master Morimitsu. His signed and dated works run from the Eiwa and eras through Meitoku and on into the Oei era, and the records two generations under the name, so the published sources read the Oei-dated blades as the second generation while granting that strict separation of the generations awaits further study. His typical work is a small-patterned : over a well-forged with , and either a straight or a , he sets a whose valleys open toward the , mixing , , pointed and angular elements and slight , the whole running small and subdued (), -dominant with and frequent fine , the a tending to a pointed tip or a . His manner is subdued beside that of his son Morimitsu and of Yasumitsu, close throughout to the type, and on his finest late the opening of the and the and already foreshadow Oei-. A second, quieter register is a -toned temper carrying , seen on his rare and his small , which often add devotional carving of and the sankozuke-.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs the prime mid-Kamakura Osafune (no Oei-Bizen anticipation)

33% of his works · 3.3× vs his son Morimitsu and Yasumitsu (the Oei-Bizen mainstream, bolder pattern)

unique vs his own midare prime (no suguha)

Observation by phase

The small-patterned koshi-open midare (his typical Kozori work)

His representative work is a small-patterned whose valleys open toward the . The shape is a with and , the often rather thick for the width, the a or , points the published sources read as marks of the late . Over an , frequently flowing and mixed with and standing grain, the ground carries and either a straight or a faint . The temper takes the -open mixed with , , pointed and angular elements and slight , the whole running small and subdued (), and entering, -dominant with and fine . The is a tending to a pointed tip or a . The published sources call this manner the typical work, well demonstrating the smith and his group, and note that compared with the of the height the whole pattern becomes somewhat smaller in scale, both and presenting an irregular complex effect.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The suguha-toned register with kataochi-gunome (ken and tanto)

A second and quieter register is a -toned temper. It appears on his rare and on his small : over a tending to flow, with and fine , sometimes and a , he tempers a into which he sets , and a -like manner, slight entering, the whole a small-patterned, -based composition with and . The finishes in with a , at times a tendency, or runs slightly and turns roundly. The carry devotional carving of and a sankozuke-. The published sources value the pure as a notably rare example of the smith and call both and , and read the small form and small-patterned of the as clearly demonstrating the manner.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The late tachi foreshadowing Oei-Bizen

On his finest late the manner widens. Over an mixed with , and , the ground standing a little, thick and fine and dark -like iron mixed in, a stands. The is based on a into which enter , pointed elements, -like forms and many -types, with the valleys opening, and entering, the tight with , fine applied, and and mixed in. The published sources read the slightly more flamboyant -side tempering and the more pronounced opening of the as already foreshadowing the style of Oei-, calling such pieces superior works among his oeuvre, in both and and rich in .

Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that Moromitsu is given in the Meikan as the son of Rinko and the father of Morimitsu, that dated works are seen from Eiwa through Oei, and that two generations using the name are recognized, the Oei-dated blades treated as the second generation while it is granted that there remains room for further study; chronologically and stylistically his manner is read as close to the ko-sori type and more subdued than Morimitsu and Yasumitsu.

On his finest late tachi the published sources read the slightly more flamboyant ura-side tempering and the more pronounced opening of the midare valleys as already foreshadowing the style of Oei-Bizen, while the comparatively thick kasane for the width marks the late Nanbokucho date, so his work is read as standing on the threshold between the Nanbokucho Osafune mainstream and the school's Oei flowering.

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1387–1401Editorial estimate: 1387–1428
9 of 12 designated works carry a date
13801410
  1. 1387
    至徳四年Juyo session 25, item 198
  2. 1391
    明徳二年Juyo session 33, item 102
  3. 1394
    応永元年Juyo session 19, item 227
  4. 1395
    応永二年Juyo session 20, item 209
    応永二年Juyo session 25, item 197
  5. 1398
    応永五年Juyo session 25, item 199
  6. 1399
    応永六年Juyo session 20, item 210
  7. 1401
    応永八年Juyo session 23, item 238
    応永八年Juyo session 24, item 264

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai3
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu2
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken12

Elite Standing

0.15 across 17 designated works

Top 14% among smiths

Provenance

7 documented provenances across certified works by Moromitsu

Provenance Standing

4 works held in elite collections across 7 documented provenances

Top 14% among smiths

Raw score: 2.25 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 17 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 17 ranked works

Currently Available

Osafune School

Other artisans of the Osafune school

  1. 1.Mitsutada光忠61designated
  2. 2.Nagamitsu長光2 for sale253designated
  3. 3.Kagemitsu景光2 for sale146designated
  4. 4.Kanemitsu兼光4 for sale237designated
  5. 5.Sanenaga眞長1 for sale64designated
  6. 6.Chikakage近景4 for sale86designated
  7. 7.Tomomitsu倫光1 for sale64designated
  8. 8.Kagemasa景政2 for sale22designated
  9. 9.Masamitsu政光4 for sale84designated
  10. 10.Motomitsu基光3 for sale41designated
  11. 11.Kagehide景秀23designated
  12. 12.Yoshimitsu義光35designated

Moromitsu

Moromitsu(師光) was a Japanese swordsmith of the Osafune school in Bizen province, active during the Oei (1394-1428) period.

The work follows the Bizen-den tradition.

Designated works by Moromitsu include 3 Jūyō Bunkazai (Important Cultural Property), 12 Jūyō.