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Overview·Kantei·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·School
OverviewKanteiDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Ichimonji
  3. Fukuoka Ichimonji
  4. Sanetoshi

Fukuoka Ichimonji Sanetoshi

眞利

Tokujū
Vol. 13, No. 21 · Tachi

Fukuoka Ichimonji Sanetoshi

眞利

5 ranked works

ProvinceBizenErac. 1185–1220PeriodKamakuraSchoolIchimonji>Fukuoka IchimonjiTraditionBizen-denFujishiroJo-jo sakuToko Taikan900(top 10%)TypeSwordsmithCodeSAN304
2Jūyō Bijutsuhin
1Tokubetsu Jūyō2Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Sanetoshi, the name read Mari and cut as the two characters 真利, is a swordsmith of the early period, placed by the published sources among the Ko-, the founding generation of the Fukuoka that the school's progenitor Norimune leads. The that is the centre of his record carries that two-character signature on an almost untouched tang, cut with a somewhat thick chisel above the original hole, and the judges read it from form and steel as a Ko- work of the period's first decades. The published commentary describes these earliest hands as standing apart from the school's later splendour, holding instead 'an old character strongly preserved' in both shape and the workmanship of and . Sanetoshi belongs at that root, before the great flowering of the school at Fukuoka.

The characteristic hand sits deliberately between two poles. Over an mixed with , the grain standing a little toward , he lays a temper that is no longer the plain of old yet not the high clove-flower of the mid- school: a and a -toned into which he mixes and , and entering well, adhering, with fine and threading through. The published sources name this balance exactly. Set beside , they write, 'the stands out more and shows a slight air of technical sophistication' (古備前に比しては丁子が目立っていささか技巧味があり); set beside the mid- , the work 'is calmer, presenting an archaic and elegant taste' (鎌倉中葉の一文字派のそれに比べると穏健で古雅な趣を見せている). The conspicuous on a quiet base is the tell of the hand.

The is the constant beneath that temper. On the signed the and carry fine and , and a stands out clearly across the ; on the the gathers dust-fine and thick and the rises a little fainter; on the terser early the reads as a soft over a compact . The vivid reflection of old steel is the feature he keeps from one blade to the next, the Fukuoka he shares with the school. The runs nearly straight to a , on the finishing as a with on one face, a quiet ending that suits the archaic register.

His surviving work divides into two manners that the judges read as one hand's range rather than two careers. The prime is the , two-character signed , dignified and rather wide, the at its most pronounced over the standing ; the piece, its signature clear and its and sound, the commentary calls 'a fine work, rich in points of appreciation' (見処が豊富な佳品である). The other manner is the quieter, more classical work: the slender , fundamentally a with and and frequent and , and the two prewar-designated , whose -toned the sources call old in character. The the judges find 'appropriate to appraise as the work of Mari of Ko-', a particularly distinguished piece for the strength of its and the variety of its activity.

The central scholarly question is the name itself. The records 真利 across four groups, , Fukuoka , Katayama and the line, and a comparatively substantial number of works survive, yet the published sources caution that 'it is difficult to distinguish these clearly on the basis of signature style alone' (銘振りによってそれらを明確に識別することは困難である). One signed in his record is in fact carried to the Mari of the Bun'ei era, identified by a companion blade whose inscription reads no ; his Ko- attributions therefore rest on era and school manner, on the and the , not on the shared . The judges set him apart from the later school by exactly the words they use of the early generation, that their work, 'unlike the splendid style of the mid- period' (鎌倉時代中期の華麗なものとは異なり), keeps 'an old character strongly preserved' (古備前物の趣が色濃く遺存している); and apart from the plainer smiths by the brightness of his and the gathering of on his edge.

For the collector he is a rare early name. Fujishiro grades him Jō-jō , and the Tōkō Taikan value of 900 places him among the well-regarded Ko- hands. He has no National Treasures and no Important Cultural Properties; his record runs instead through one , a pair of and the prewar Jūyō Bijutsuhin, three blades on the and tiers in all, with five carrying an official record. His provenance reaches into the great northern house: one of the designated descends from a branch family of the Yonezawa Uesugi count household, and the Uesugi name recurs in the , with the prewar pieces recorded to the Saitō and Kazama collections. No current institutional holder is on record. A signed Ko- Mari comes to light only seldom, and most of what survives is held rather than traded; a privately held example is a notable thing for a collector to encounter, a document of how the began.

Kantei

one Ko-Ichimonji hand read between two poles: an itame-with-mokume jigane standing a little, with vivid midare-utsuri, carrying a chōji-and-suguha-toned ko-midare temper more elaborate than Ko-Bizen yet calmer and more archaic than mid-Kamakura Ichimonji, surviving best as the ubu two-character signed tachi and as quieter Ko-Bizen-character early work

Sanetoshi, read Mari, is a smith of the early period assigned to the Ko-, the founding generation of the Fukuoka whom the school founder Norimune leads. His name is one of the school's standing problems: the records the name 真利 across four groups, , Fukuoka , Katayama and the line, and the published sources hold that signature style alone will not separate them. His recognized hand sits exactly between those poles. Over an mixed with , the grain standing a little, he sets fine , and a that stands out clearly, and on it a temper that is no longer the plain of yet not yet the high clove-flower of mid- : a -toned and into which he mixes and , and well in, adhering, with fine and . The published sources read this as showing more conspicuous and a touch more technical elaboration than , yet a calmer and more archaic taste than the mid- school. The runs nearly straight to a . His best record is the , two-character signed whose signature survives clear and whose and the judges call sound and richly worth study.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs plainer Ko-Bizen ko-midare

he signs only the two characters 真利, cut with a thick chisel; because the Meikan records the same name across four groups and the signature alone cannot separate them, his pieces are placed to Ko-Ichimonji by sugata, jigane and hamon, not by the mei

Observation by phase

The ubu signed tachi (his recognized prime)

His finest record is the , two-character signed , surviving with its original tang and its signature clear. The shape is dignified, standard to rather wide in body with the somewhat thick, the slightly high, running high with kept and a . The ground is an mixed with , tending to , with fine , entering and a standing out. Over it the temper is a mixed with and , and entering, the laid in with adhering well, fine and appearing in places. The runs nearly straight, with a shallow on one face, turning back in . The published sources judge it more conspicuous in and a touch more technical than , yet calmer and more archaic than the mid- , and call the workmanship sound and rich in points of study.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The quieter Ko-Bizen-character work (the kodachi and the early tachi)

The other face of his record is calmer and reads closer to old . The is slender, with a width difference between base and point, high with a sense of and a . Over an mixed with , tending to , with dust-fine thick, and a faint , the temper is fundamentally a , mixed with , and , and frequent, well adhering, with and and places where the gathers into . The is in a tendency, with a shallow turnback on one face and with on the other. The two early signed are terser in the record, both and well-shaped, the forging a compact with , the temper a -toned with well in, which the published sources call old in character. Read together these show the archaic root of the hand the prime elaborates.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子
Scholarship

The published sources record that the name Mari appears in the Meikan across Ko-Bizen, Fukuoka Ichimonji, Katayama Ichimonji and the Osafune school, that a comparatively substantial number of works survive, and that it is difficult to distinguish these homonymous smiths decisively by signature style alone, so the appraisal to Ko-Ichimonji is drawn from tachi-sugata and the manner of ji and ha.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin2
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken2

Elite Standing

0.12 across 5 designated works

Top 16% among smiths

Provenance

4 documented provenances across certified works by Sanetoshi

Provenance Standing

1 works held in elite collections across 4 documented provenances

Top 71% among smiths

Raw score: 1.89 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 5 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 5 ranked works

Currently Available

Fukuoka Ichimonji School

Other artisans of the Fukuoka Ichimonji school

  1. 1.Sukezane助眞44designated
  2. 2.Yoshifusa吉房1 for sale46designated
  3. 3.Norimune則宗8designated
  4. 4.Yoshihira吉平17designated
  5. 5.Sukekane助包6designated
  6. 6.Norikane則包7designated
  7. 7.Tamekiyo爲清5designated
  8. 8.Yoshimochi吉用10designated
  9. 9.Tameto爲遠5designated
  10. 10.Yoshimune吉宗6designated
  11. 11.Naganori長則17designated
  12. 12.Ichi一7designated

Sanetoshi

Sanetoshi(眞利) was a Japanese swordsmith of the Fukuoka Ichimonji school in Bizen province, active during the Hoji (1247-1249) period.

The work follows the Bizen-den tradition.

Designated works by Sanetoshi include 1 Tokubetsu Jūyō, 2 Jūyō.