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Overview·Kantei·Dated Works·Designations·Provenance·Blade Forms·Signatures·Lineage·School
OverviewKanteiDated WorksDesignationsProvenanceBlade FormsSignaturesLineageSchool
  1. Schools
  2. Osafune
  3. Sue-Bizen
  4. Katsumitsu

Katsumitsu

勝光

Tokujū
Vol. 12, No. 39 · Naginata

Katsumitsu

勝光

28 ranked works

ProvinceBizenEraEisho (1504–1521)PeriodMuromachiSchoolOsafune>KatsumitsuTraditionBizen-denGeneration5thTeacherKatsumitsuFujishiroSai-jo saku(Supreme Work)Toko Taikan800(top 14%)TypeSwordsmithCodeKAT100
1Jūyō Bunkazai
1Jūyō Bijutsuhin
2Gyobutsu
1Tokubetsu Jūyō23Jūyō Tōken

Overview

On a of Eisho 9 (1512), beneath the long signature of Jirozaemon-no-jo Fujiwara Katsumitsu, the smith added a phrase of his own: "as far as my heart can reach, nothing could surpass this" (心の及ぶところ此の上の者あるべからざる也), declaring the blade a work that fully satisfied him. The maker of that boast is the most accomplished bearer of a crowded name. The published sources record that several generations and more than a dozen smiths used the name Katsumitsu among the late- forges collectively called , and that within that crowd the branch titled Jirozaemon-no-jo, the son of Ukyo-no- Katsumitsu, is especially accomplished, counted with Yosozaemon-no-jo Sukesada and Gorozaemon-no-jo Kiyomitsu as a representative smith of the late tradition.

What the published sources name as his individuality is a matter of degree within a shared idiom. Every smith tempers the open-waisted, double-structured , the - that is the diagnostic late- line; Katsumitsu builds his prime on the base, well-packed carrying and fine , over which the temper rides high and bright with and entering richly, the clear and tightening, small interspersed. The distinction the judges draw is that he mixes into that more freely than his fellows, for a more flamboyant effect. "Compared with Sukesada," the sources write, "Katsumitsu shows more conspicuous in the temper, and the so-called crab-claw (kani-no-) irregularities appear relatively less often" (勝光は祐定に比して丁子の刃文が目立ち). On his finest dated the point is put positively: he is "particularly adept at a more splendid workmanship in which abundant are intermingled within the " (乱れの中に丁子を多く交えた一段と華やかな出来を得意としている).

The is the constant beneath that flamboyance. It is the well-packed of late , attaching, finely woven, in places a little standing or flowing; on the best pieces the lies fine as dust ( michin). The classical of old has largely gone from this late steel and appears only faintly on a few blades; one Eisho-2 is read as showing little precisely because the is so strong, so that the itself looks powerful. The answers the , running to a or a pointed tendency, at the tip and a turnback. Across both faces lie the devotional carvings of , a , with , and shrine names such as and Amaterasu Kotaijin, which the sources are careful to call the work of collaborating horimonoshi rather than the smith's own hand.

Katsumitsu is, above all, the great collaborator of the house, and his record is largely one of joint work. With his brother Sakyo-no- Munemitsu he cut the blades long prized as , the two names signed together on katate-uchi and ; on one Eisho-7 the inscription explicitly reads "younger brother, Sakyo-no- Munemitsu" (弟左京進宗光), a line the sources call extremely important material urging a reexamination of the genealogy. The single most celebrated work is the joint with Yosozaemon-no-jo Sukesada, dated Eisho 18, a bold and magnificent with the incised inscriptions Hagun-no- and Sanshin-soku-ittai, commissioned by Ukita Yoshie and called "a masterpiece among " (末備前の薙刀中の傑作である). A of Daiei 3 is a joint work with his son Jirobei-no-jo Harumitsu, and the sources place his working span roughly from the Meio into the Kyoroku era (作刀期間はほぼ明応より享禄に亘っている), late in which, dated Kyoroku 2, he forged a father-and-son joint with another son, Shuri-no-jo Katsumitsu, prized as a record of the collaboration. Beside the flamboyant he tempers a calm, broad and with equal command, the sources observing that the master famed for flamboyant through the -Bijutsuhin Asa-arashi shows, with his uncle's help, an advanced skill even in a straight temper.

What sets Katsumitsu apart within his own school is therefore the reach of his hand rather than a single tell. His bright, -mixed distinguishes his prime from the plainer Sukesada manner, while his command of a clear and his ambition outside the standard idiom mark the upper edge of late- workmanship. The clearest sign of that ambition is a signed Bunki-2 , slender with , that abandons the contemporary for a -based with over a in which a rises; it is read as "a piece conceived with the late- of Kagemitsu and his fellows as its aim" (鎌倉末期の長船景光などをねらいとしたものであろう), an unusually forceful work, though the sources add that its technique does not reach its model. At the far edge a Daiei-6 carries the temper up the into a -like with , more varied than usual. These outliers map the breadth across which the Katsumitsu hand can be known.

Katsumitsu was a productive smith and signed and dated work survives in fair number, yet little of it can ever change hands. Fujishiro grades him Sai-jo . He has no National Treasures; his record runs instead through one Important Cultural Property, the joint with his son Harumitsu held at Nogi Shrine in Tokyo and inscribed Ichigo-ikkoshi, and through the Imperial collection, where signed Bishu Katsumitsu are kept as . The patrimony continues in the houses and old collections grounded in their own provenance, the joint for Ukita Yoshie a treasured heirloom of the Sendai Date family, other blades recording owners such as Uyama Hida-no-kami and Kitamura Yukinao, the Jubi Asa-arashi once held by Matsushita Masatoshi. Beyond these, of the two dozen-odd designated works on record, only a small number sit in the and tiers, so a signed Jirozaemon-no-jo Katsumitsu comes to market only from time to time, and a dated, devotionally carved example, the kind on which the smith once wrote that nothing could surpass it, is a rewarding thing for a collector of late to encounter.

Kantei

one Sue-Bizen Osafune hand seen through the Jirozaemon-no-jo branch: the prime gunome temper with choji mixed in more freely than his peers over a refined ko-itame; the broad body of dated Munekatsu and Sukesada/Harumitsu collaborations; an orthogonal calm suguha / hiro-suguha register; and the ambitious blades reaching toward late-Kamakura Kagemitsu or a hitatsura mune-yaki

Katsumitsu is, with Sukesada and Kiyomitsu, one of the representative names of the late forges called , a name carried by several generations and more than a dozen smiths. Within that crowd the published sources single out the branch titled Jirozaemon-no-jo (次郎左衛門尉, also cut 二郎左衛門尉) as especially accomplished, the son of Ukyo-no- Katsumitsu, whose dated work runs from the Meio into the Kyoroku era with the bright Eisho-era pieces as his recognized prime. His characteristic hand is a well-packed ground with and fine , over which he sets a high, bright temper based on the open-waisted, double-structured (- / ) that is the tell; what the sources name as his individuality is that he mixes into that more freely than the other smiths, for a more flamboyant effect, with the so-called crab-claw (kani-no-) relatively less conspicuous than on Sukesada. He works the standard late- katate-uchi , with and a short tang, and devotional carvings of , and shrine names on both faces. He is also the most prolific of the collaborators: the joint works with his brother Munemitsu, the joint with Yosozaemon-no-jo Sukesada, and joint with his sons Jirobei-no-jo Harumitsu (Daiei 3) and Shuri-no-jo Katsumitsu (Kyoroku 2). Beside the flamboyant he tempers a calm, broad and with equal command, and a few ambitious blades reach toward late- Kagemitsu or break into a -toned -.

Diagnostic discriminators

unique vs earlier Bizen choji-midare baseline

55% of his works · 2.8× vs Sukesada (gunome-dominant, crab-claw)

Observation by phase

Jirozaemon-no-jo, the choji-rich gunome (his recognized prime)

The recognized prime is the bright, dated Eisho-era work of Jirozaemon-no-jo Katsumitsu, son of Ukyo-no- Katsumitsu, whom the published sources count among the representative smiths of . The shape is the canonical late- katate-uchi : not greatly extended in length, the somewhat thick, added, the tang short and flaring, made for one-handed quick draw. The ground is a well-packed with and fine , in places a little standing. Over it the temper is high and bright, the open-waisted, double-structured that is the tell, into which he mixes more freely than his fellow smiths, for the more flamboyant effect the sources name as his individuality; enter, and richly, the clear and tightening, adhering, small interspersed, and running. The runs to a small round or a pointed tendency, with and a turnback. On both faces are the devotional carvings of , a , and , and shrine names. The published sources say that compared with Sukesada, Katsumitsu shows more conspicuous and relatively fewer of the crab-claw irregularities, and they rank the dated Eisho pieces with the Jirozaemon-no-jo title at the height of his technique.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The collaborations (Munekatsu, Sukesada, Harumitsu)

Katsumitsu is the most frequent of the collaborators, and a large part of his record is joint work. The (宗勝) joint blades with his brother Sakyo-no- Munemitsu, long prized under that name, are typical katate-uchi and , well forged in with , the temper sometimes the open-waisted compound and sometimes a calmer line, the carvings of , and shrine names cut on both faces. The single most celebrated piece is the joint with Yosozaemon-no-jo Sukesada, dated Eisho 18, an o-buri, bold and magnificent shape over a with and , the temper mixed with breaking into a flamboyant large in the upper half, with the incised inscriptions Hagun-no- on the and Sanshin-soku-ittai on the ; it was commissioned by Ukita Yoshie and descends in the Sendai Date house. He also signs a joint with his son Jirobei-no-jo Harumitsu, dated Daiei 3, a with run vigorously, the more emphasized than usual. Late in his career, dated Kyoroku 2, he forges a father-and-son joint with another son, Shuri-no-jo (Shuri-no-) Katsumitsu, a double- tending temper varied with breaking into a large in the lower half, the temper deep and the unconstricted in the manner often seen on Yosozaemon-no-jo Sukesada, which the sources call a valuable record of a father-son collaboration. The published sources read these collaborations as a documentary spine of the late genealogy.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

The calm suguha / hiro-suguha register

Orthogonal to the flamboyant is the deliberately calm register the published sources praise as a sign of true skill. Some blades are a broad (futo-) or mixed with and , and entering, the tight and clear, adhering, appearing, the straight into a small round with a somewhat long turnback. The joint with Sukesada for Uyama Hida-no-kami tempers a broad frequently varied with , called by the sources an excellent model of a commissioned blade. One sets a shallow, broadly undulating mixed with a feeling, the well clear, on which the sources observe that Jirozaemon-no-jo Katsumitsu, renowned for flamboyant through the -Bijutsuhin Asa-arashi, shows with his uncle's help an advanced command even of a straight temper. The published sources hold these calm pieces too to be the work of a superior hand.

Hamon 刃文
Bōshi 帽子

Ambitious outliers: the Kagemitsu-aiming tachi and the hitatsura mune-yaki

less firmly established

A few blades step outside the standard manner. The signed Bunki 2 , slender with , sets a -based with over a in which a rises, and is read by the published sources as a piece conceived with the late- of Kagemitsu and his fellows as its aim, an unusually forceful work that may properly be called a powerful one, though the sources add that its technique does not reach its model; it carries the uncommon shrine names Miyazaki Daimyojin and Atagoyama Daigongen. At the other edge is the dated Daiei 6 , wide for its length with a thick and a slight , the -flavoured temper high and bright, the conspicuously tempered from base to tip into a -like effect connecting into the , with interspersed, which the sources call even more varied than usual. These outliers map the range across which the Katsumitsu hand can be recognized.

Sugata 姿
Jigane 地鉄
Hamon 刃文
Scholarship

The published sources record that within the many generations and smiths who used the name Katsumitsu, the group bearing the title Jirozaemon-no-jo is especially accomplished, that this smith was the son of Ukyo-no-suke Katsumitsu and is also recorded signing Nirozaemon-no-jo, and that compared with Sukesada he shows more conspicuous choji and relatively fewer of the crab-claw irregularities. They name him a representative Sue-Bizen smith alongside Yosozaemon-no-jo Sukesada and Gorozaemon-no-jo Kiyomitsu.

On one Eisho 7 Munekatsu wakizashi the inscription explicitly cuts the words younger brother, Sakyo-no-shin Munemitsu, which the published sources call extremely important material urging a reexamination of the Osafune genealogy, while noting that Munemitsu's long career has led some to divide him into two generations and that traditions place him forging at the Omi encampment by command of Shogun Ashikaga Yoshihisa and fighting under Akamatsu Masanori. A Daiei 6 Munekatsu wakizashi, the latest-dated of the pair's joint works, is read as material supporting the view that there were two Munemitsu.

On a Kyoroku 2 katana the published sources state the genealogy and the span outright: Jirozaemon-no-jo Katsumitsu is the son of Ukyo-no-suke Katsumitsu and the father of Shuri-no-suke Katsumitsu and Jirobei-no-jo Harumitsu, and his working period runs roughly from the Meio into the Kyoroku era. His prime is the bright dated Eisho work, but the dated record reaches from the Meio decade to these late Kyoroku pieces, one of which, dated Kyoroku 2, is a father-and-son joint blade signed with Shuri-no-suke, the sources reading the father-son collaboration as valuable material.

Dated Works

Years he was demonstrably active, proven by signed-and-dated blades

Active period
1490–1529
22 of 25 designated works carry a date
14901530
  1. 1490
    延徳二年Juyo session 36, item 134
  2. 1493
    明応二年Juyo session 12, item 95
  3. 1499
    明応八年Juyo session 28, item 99
  4. 1500
    明応九年Juyo session 21, item 230
  5. 1502
    文亀二年Juyo session 7, item 48
  6. 1504
    永正元年Juyo Bijutsuhin vol. 5, item 717
  7. 1505
    永正二年Juyo session 30, item 99
  8. 1506
    永正三年Juyo session 10, item 89
    永正三年Juyo session 16, item 112
    永正三年Juyo session 31, item 133
  9. 1509
    永正六年Juyo session 39, item 89
  10. 1510
    永正七年Juyo session 21, item 232
    永正七年Juyo session 16, item 113
  11. 1512
    永正九年Juyo session 1, item 19
  12. 1521
    永正十八年Tokubetsu Juyo session 12, item 39
  13. 1523
    大永三年Juyo session 25, item 203
    大永三年Juyo session 21, item 233
  14. 1526
    大永六年Juyo session 52, item 74
    大永六年Juyo session 22, item 221
  15. c. 1528
    享禄二二年Juyo session 6, item 54
  16. 1529
    享禄二年Juyo session 30, item 100
    享禄二年Juyo session 7, item 47

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai1
Jūyō Bijutsuhin1
Gyobutsu2
Tokubetsu Jūyō1
Jūyō Tōken23

Elite Standing

0.17 across 28 designated works

Top 13% among smiths

Provenance

7 documented provenances across certified works by Katsumitsu

Provenance Standing

3 works held in elite collections across 7 documented provenances

Top 21% among smiths

Raw score: 2.08 / 10

Blade Forms

Distribution across 28 ranked works

Signatures

Signature types across 28 ranked works

Currently Available

Lineage

TeacherKatsumitsu
Katsumitsu
Students (6)
  1. 1.Katsumitsu勝光2 for sale28designated
  2. 2.Harumitsu治光2 for sale5designated
  3. 3.Katsumitsu勝光3 for sale9designated
  4. 4.Katsumitsu勝光1 for sale
  5. 5.Katsumitsu勝光
  6. 6.Katsumitsu勝光3 for sale2designated

Katsumitsu School

Other artisans of the Katsumitsu school

  1. 1.Katsumitsu勝光3 for sale9designated
  2. 2.Katsumitsu勝光3 for sale2designated

Katsumitsu

Katsumitsu(勝光) was a Japanese swordsmith of the Katsumitsu school in Bizen province, active during the Eisho (1504-1521) period.

The work follows the Bizen-den tradition.

Designated works by Katsumitsu include 1 Jūyō Bunkazai (Important Cultural Property), 1 Tokubetsu Jūyō, 23 Jūyō.