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  1. Schools
  2. Goto
  3. Waki-Goto
  4. Kojo

Waki-Goto Kojo

光乗

Jūyō
Vol. 12, No. 293 · Mitokoromono

Waki-Goto Kojo

光乗

5 ranked works

SchoolGoto>Waki-GotoTraditionIeboriGeneration2nd genTypeTosogu MakerCodeWGO027
5Jūyō Tōken

Overview

Goto Mitsunori, the fourth-generation head of the mainline Goto house, was the legitimate son of the third master Joshin. Born in Kyoroku 2 (1529) with the common name Kameichi, later changed to Koichiro, he also bore the personal name Mitsuie. Mitsunori initially served the Ashikaga shogunal household before entering the service of Oda Nobunaga. In Tensho 9 (1581), by Nobunaga's order, he and his eldest son Mitsumoto (Tokujo) produced the unmarked oban (ten-ryo), regarded as the largest gold coin in the world. He later served Toyotomi Hideyoshi as well, undertaking important duties connected with the management of Toyotomi gold coinage and financial affairs. As head of the soke of sword-fitting metalworkers, the Goto family served successive shogunal families from the period through the period; their work is designated iebori ("house carving"), distinguished from the ("town carving") produced for general market demand. Mitsunori's reputation as a master craftsman was exceptionally high, and he is said to have been the most capable artisan after Yujo, the founding patriarch of the house.

Mitsunori's technical mastery is most evident in his command of yobori (fully modeled sculptural carving) and (high relief) upon and solid gold grounds, often enriched by finely executed and meticulous application of gold and silver . A characteristic feature of his work is the frequent appearance of strongly pictorial compositions, since he employed preparatory drawings (shita-e) by such painters as Kano Motonobu and Kano Eitoku. It is also said that within the Goto house he was the first to produce designs of warrior figures, as well as dragon-and-tiger motifs. His are carved with ample, tactile volume and strongly modulated contours, with in'-ne (contrasting high and low relief root-finishing) on the reverse that is invariably beyond reproach. Whether working in the single tonality of solid gold or in the glossy, vivid black of , he achieved supple, nuanced modeling with pronounced rises and falls in the sculpted flesh -- a feat possible only for a famed master. His personal signatures appear as , including such forms as "Goto Mitsuie ()," "Mitsuie ()," and "Goto ()"; such signed examples are, without exception, works of the highest excellence.

Across the body of designated works, the characterizes Mitsunori's output with consistent evaluative language: his carving reaches "the utmost in delicacy," his works are "brimming with the grand, heroic spirit and lively dynamism characteristic of taste," and his technique is praised as "approaching that of the first master Yujo." Pieces attributed to him carry high Got valuations from successive generations of the Goto house -- assigning 100 to 150 and, in one exceptional instance, twenty gold pieces -- underscoring the esteem in which his work was held within the family's own appraisal tradition. Transmitted through such distinguished collections as the Konoike merchant house and the Hachisuka family, Mitsunori's oeuvre fully embodies the dignity and refinement appropriate to the Goto mainline and represents the -period summit of the iebori tradition.

Kantei

3 descriptive axes: material (the orthodox shakudo-nanako and gold house grounds) x technique (katachibori menuki and takabori with iro-e and suemon) x themes (the house kiri crest and phoenix, with an uncommon centipede). With a thin, wholly unsigned corpus the load-bearing fact is documentary, not stylistic: he is the Muromachi-dated, origami-and-kiwame-attributed Waki-Goto Kojo, distinct from the signing main-house Kojo (GOT004). Few stylistic separators are present, and the records say so.

This Kojo is a Goto-house metalwork artist named 光乗 whose extant pieces are all unsigned and dated by the records to the late period, attributed by Goto and a later head's appraisal-name. He is filed to the Waki-Goto, a cadet wing of the orthodox Goto house, and must be kept distinct from the fourth main-house head Goto Kojo (後藤光乗), the master who left a gold-inlay self-signature. The five Important pieces are -crest and phoenix small-fittings sets and one composite : their grounds and carving are the orthodox house manner, and the records say of the paulownia work only that, while such crests are commonly seen in the works of the upper three Goto heads too, the Kojo attribution can be accepted. He signs nothing himself, so on the present corpus little securely separates his hand from the early house beyond the documentary frame that dates and attributes him.

Diagnostic discriminators

the records repeatedly date his pieces to the Muromachi period and late Muromachi, a dating that places him in the early-house orbit and apart from the main-house fourth head Goto Kojo (born 1529, a Momoyama master); this temporal framing, not a stylistic tell, is the load-bearing separator on the present thin corpus

all five pieces are mumei; they are attributed by Goto origami (one by Kakujo, one by the twelfth head Jujo read Mitsumasa) and on the koshirae by a later head's kiwame light-name (紋乗、光孝, the thirteenth head Enjo certifying). He himself leaves no signature, unlike the main-house Kojo (GOT004) who cut a gold-inlay self-signature; the 花押 in this corpus is the certifier's and 赤坂忠則作 is a separate co-mounted Akasaka tsuba, neither his own hand

Material (grounds)

The orthodox house grounds, in fine above all, with gold grounds on the and crests, plain besides, and on the composite a day-and-night lacquer ground with shell inlay.

Technique

for the with the inyo-ne post, with gold colour-metal iro-e and applied for the and , the deep-cut valleys of the noted as especially fine, the back finished with fill-gold.

Themes (the house crests and auspicious subjects)

The paulownia crest of the orthodox Goto repertoire, the phoenix often paired with it, and an uncommon centipede, all carried in the house manner.

Paulownia crest and phoenix

The gosan-no- and double-paulownia crests with the phoenix, the canonical Goto-house devices, which the records note are commonly seen in the upper three heads' work as well.

Centipedeless firmly established

The centipede, an auspicious warrior subject the records call relatively uncommon, worked here in a quiet, well-ordered design.

Full iconography

Documentary note

Every extant piece is . Attribution rests on Goto and later heads' appraisals: a Kakujo supplies and certifies the shaft of a -and-phoenix three-piece set by Kojo's and crests, refitted in fill-gold; a 1738 by the twelfth head Jujo (read Mitsumasa) values a saddle-and-horse at 150 ; and on the composite the three-piece set carries the later-head light-name 紋乗, 光孝 with a (the thirteenth head Enjo certifying), mounted with an Akasaka Tadanori iron (赤坂忠則作) of a late- day-and-night scabbard. Read the 花押 in this corpus as the certifier's, not his own; he leaves no self-signature, which sets him apart from the main-house fourth head Goto Kojo (GOT004). The records date his work to the period and late , and of the paulownia crests note only that, while such devices are commonly seen in the upper three Goto heads' work as well, the Kojo attribution can be accepted.

Designations

Kokuhō—
Jūyō Bunkazai—
Jūyō Bijutsuhin—
Gyobutsu—
Tokubetsu Jūyō—
Jūyō Tōken5

Elite Standing

0.03 across 5 designated works

Top 28% among makers

Work Types

Distribution across 5 ranked works

Other
360%
Menuki
120%
Kōgai
120%

Signatures

Signature types across 5 ranked works

Currently Available

Waki-Goto School

Other artisans of the Waki-Goto school

  1. 1.Goto Mitsumasa後藤光正1designated
  2. 2.Mitsufumi光文2designated
  3. 3.Takanori孝則2designated
  4. 4.Kiyoaki清明1designated
  5. 5.Takujo琢乗1designated
  6. 6.Tojo東乗1 for sale2designated
  7. 7.Shichibei七兵衛2designated
  8. 8.Seijo清乗4 for sale2designated
  9. 9.Mitsuhisa光久1 for sale2designated
  10. 10.Unjo運乗1designated

Kojo

Kojo(光乗) was a maker of Japanese sword fittings (tōsōgu) of the Waki-Goto school.

The work follows the Iebori tradition.

Designated works by Kojo include 5 Jūyō.